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Il Trovatore (The Troubadour) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Leone Emanuele Bardare and Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play El Trovador by Antonio García Gutiérrez. First performance: Teatro Apollo, Rome, January 19, 1853. A staple in the standard operatic repertoire, Il Trovatore is, according to Opera America, the seventeenth most performed opera in North America. In 1857 Verdi revised the opera for Paris as Le Trouvère and added a ballet.