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Prince James Francis Edward Stuart or Stewart, the Old Pretender, (10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the son of the deposed King James II of England and VII of Scots, and as such laid claim to the English and Scottish thrones (as James III of England and VIII of Scotland) from the death of his father in 1701, and was publicly proclaimed by King Louis XIV of France as the rightful heir to the English and Scottish thrones.